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| EDITORIAL |
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| Year : 2015 | Volume
: 3
| Issue : 2 | Page : 33-34 |
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Preface to Second Issue of Heart India 2015
Alok Kumar Singh
Department of Cardiology, Heritage Hospital, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| Date of Web Publication | 16-Jun-2015 |
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Alok Kumar Singh
Department of Cardiology, Heritage Hospital, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/2321-449X.158867
How to cite this article:
Singh AK. Preface to Second Issue of Heart India 2015. Heart India 2015;3:33-4 |
In this issue of Heart India we are publishing one review, two original research articles, three case reports and one letter to editor. Noncompaction of the ventricular myocardium is a congenital cardiomyopathy, caused by arrest of normal embryogenesis of the endocardium and myocardium. Though it is often associated with other congenital cardiac defects, but it can be present as a separate entity. Clinical manifestations are highly variable, ranging from no symptoms to congestive heart failure, arrhythmias, and systemic thromboembolization. [1] Echocardiography (ECHO) has been the diagnostic procedure of choice, but magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is emerging as an equally valuable diagnostic tool. In first review article, Mridul et al., reviewed noncompaction of ventricular myocardium in concise yet in comprehensive manner. The right and the left atria of the human heart communicate with the right and left ventricle through the respective orifices. These orifices are guarded by atrioventricular (AV) valves. The right AV valve is called as tricuspid valve because it has three cusps. While the left AV valve referred to as mitral valve, or bicuspid valve because it has two cusps. Presence of one or multiple accessory leaflets in the valves and absence of one or multiple leaflets in the valves is known. Data regarding shape of cusps or leaflets on cadaveric study in literature is limited. Hence, an attempt is made to study variation in the shape of leaflets of valves and the shape of accessory leaflets when seen. Shape of leaflets plays a key role in designing the prototype of valves for valve replacement. In first original research article by Misra et al., highlighted leaflets of both the valves were predominantly triangular in shape. The shape of accessory leaflets was also triangular. However, the leaflets did show variations in shape such as rectangular, D shape, and semicircular. This may have impact in the designing of prosthetic valves so we can predict by MRI or three-dimensional ECHO study in living subjects what is the exact shape of AV valve in particular subject so individualized prosthetic implants can be made.
India has a high burden of cardiovascular diseases. High-risk interventions can be initiated only when individuals at high-risk have been identified. Muthunarayanan et al., studied a total of 482 individuals, of which 68.3% were women and 31.7% were men. Prevalence of overweight, diabetes, and systolic hypertension was found to be 60%, 22.8%, and 34.6%, respectively. A majority (79.9%) of the study population had 10 years cardiovascular risk of <10% while only 2.5% had a risk of more than 40%. As the age advances, the proportion of participants with high-risk also increased and this trend was statistically significant. This study has again established the role of WHO charts in identifying the high-risk groups in the population in resource-scarce setting and thus an appropriate action can be undertaken.
Primary varicose veins are a common affliction of the extremities, whereas the whole body including the genitals is very rarely affected, for reasons not clearly understood. The literature has little references in regards to the number of cases and management these type varicose veins. Treatment of the upper and lower extremities is the ligation and stripping of the varicose veins but what we can done for chest, abdomen, back, and genital varicose veins, is a query. Sherawat et al., in first case reported a case of a 20-year-old male with this unusual condition of primary varicose veins of the whole body with genitals. Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) is characterized by the deposition of thrombi on cardiac valves in the absence of bloodstream bacterial infection. It is usually associated with advanced stage malignancy and chronic debilitating diseases. Anvikar et al., in second case, reported of a 45-year-old man with NBTE in association with metastatic mucin-secreting adenocarcinoma involving the heart in autopsy.
Ebstein's anomaly is a congenital heart defect. The septal and posterior leaflets of the tricuspid valve are displaced toward the apex of the right ventricle called as atrailazation of right ventricle. Most of them have interatrial communication. Ebstein's anomaly accounts for <1% of all cases of congenital heart disease. It has a high mortality rate in 1 st few month of life and rare patients with Ebstein's anomaly live >70 years. A 70-year-old male presented with dyspnea on exertion was a case of Ebstein's anomaly with the late presentation in seventh decade of life reported in third case report by Achliya et al. Complete occlusion of subclavian venous access, an unexpected troubleshoot during permanent pacemaker pulse-generator replacement reported by Pande et al., in last in letter format.
| References | |  |
| 1. | Ritter M, Oechslin E, Sütsch G, Attenhofer C, Schneider J, Jenni R. Isolated noncompaction of the myocardium in adults. Mayo Clin Proc 1997;72:26-31.  |
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